VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY

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Vitamin B12 deficiency can be caused by various factors , including :

1. Inadequate dietary intake : Not consuming enough food rich in Vitamin B12 , such as meat , fish , eggs and dietary products.

2 . Poor absorption : Condition like pernicious anemia , Atrophic gastritis, celiac disease , crohn's diseases or surgeries that affect the stomach or intestines can impair the absorption of vitamin B12.

3.Lack of intrinsic factors : Intrinsic factor is a protein produced by stomach that's necessary for the absorption of Vitamin B12. Condition like pernicious anemia can cause deficiency of intrinsic factor.

4. Certain medication: like protein pump inhibitors or metformin can interfere with the absorption of Vitamin B12.

5. Aging : As people age increases , their ability to absorb vitamin B12 decreases.

Symptoms of Vitamin B12 deficiency:

1. Fatigue and weakness : Feeling tired and weak, even with adequate rest.

2. Anemia: A deficiency in red blood cells can leads to symptoms such as pale and jaundiced skin , shortness of breath and dizziness. 

3. Neurological Symptoms: Numbness and Tingling in the hands and feet, difficulty walking , balance problem, memory loss and cognitive impairment.

4. Glossitis and mouth ulcers: Inflammation of the tongue and mouth ulcers may occur.

Prevention of Vitamin B12 deficiency involves: 

1. Consuming food rich in Vitamin B12 : including meat , fish , poultry , eggs , dairy products and fortified cereals in their diet.

2. Vitamin Supplements: Taking Vitamin B12 supplements, especially for individual at risk of deficiency ,or those with condition affecting absorption.

3. Injection : In case of severe deficiency or malabsorption , Vitamin B12 injection may be necessary to bypass the digestive system and ensure  absorption.

4. Regular Checkup: Monitoring with vitamin B12 levels especially for individuals with conditions or risk factors, for deficiency can help in early detection and management. 

Consulting with healthcare professionals is essential for proper diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vitamin B12 deficiency.








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